SECTION-'A'
PHYSICS: 25 MARKS
Units: Fundamental & derived units with particular reference to S.I. units-illustrations. Explanation of dimensions with examples.
Mechanics: Explanation of vector and scalar quantities with examples. Displacement as vector quality. Concepts of instantaneous velocity, acceleration. Equations of motion. Definition and explanation of Laws of motion, force, mass and weight with mathematical expressions, Universal Laws of gravitation and Projectile motion. Explanation of circular motion, Satellite motion in an orbit : Kepler's Laws, escape velocity. Rigid body motion, moment of inertia, angular momentum, torque, Centre of mass, conservation of angular momentum. Simple harmonic motion and its geometric representation. Derivation of its equation. Concepts of amplitude, Oscillation, time period, frequency and phase with their mathematical expressions. Definition and explanation of work, power and energy with mathematical relation. Problems involving potential and kinetic energies and conservation of energy. Conservative and non-conservative forces. Static and Dynamic friction.
Properties of Solids: Definition and explanation of strain, stress, elastic limit, ultimate strength, Hooke's Law and Young's modulus. Compression bending, twisting and shear. Elastic moduli and their relations, Poisson's ratio. Concepts and examples of properties e.g. hardness, malleability, ductility, brittleness, toughness abrasion resistance, fatigue.
Properties of Liquids : Thrust of a liquid and pressure. Pressure at different depths. Pascal's Law and Hydraulic press. Buoyancy. Archimedes's Principle: definition and explanation with illustration surface tension, viscosity, fluidity and volatility.
Heat & Thermodynamics : Heat and temperature, Construction of mercury thermometers. Measurement, measuring scales and devices.
Definition and explanation of linear expansion. Area and volume expansion with mathematical relation.
Expansion of gas at constant temperature and at constant pressure. Ideal gas equation.
Measurement of specific heat capacity, relation between Cp and Cv, Isothermal and adiabatic process. Explanation of change of state of matter with change of temperature. Definition of latent heat of fusion and vaporization and numerical examples.
Transfer of heat, Explanation and examples of conduction, Convection and radiation processes. Thermal conductivity. Idea of black body radiation. Stefan - Boltzman Law.
Explanation of first and second laws of Thermodynamics with examples.
SOUND : Wave motion, Concept of longitudinal and transverse waves; Definition of period, frequency, wave length, amplitude and phase; Speed of sound wave; wave propagation in a medium; Doppler effect.
Properties of sound waves, Reflection, Refraction and Superposition of waves, stationary waves, beats, Vibration of Strings and Air columns, concept of resonance; Echo, Reverberation.
LIGHT : Explanation of light wave, wave front, ray, velocity of light.
Laws of reflection, reflection in different types of mirrors(plane, spherical, cylindrical, parabolic) with their geometrical drawing. Definition of image, focal length, radius of curvature, magnification with formula, numerical examples and application.
Laws of refraction, refractive index, total internal reflection, concave and convex lenses and image formation through them, formula connecting object and image distances, application in telescopes, microscopes, theodolite etc., refraction through prism.
Elementary ideas of electromagnetic waves. Wave nature of light. Young's double slit experiment and Fringe align. Single slit diffraction, polarisation.
ELECTROSTATICS : Explanation of charge on the basis of electron theory, charging by friction, force between electric charges, concept of unit charge, electric field and electric potential, p.d. and its measurement, definition of capacitance of parallel plate capacitor, capacitors in series and parallel. Dielectric constant.
CURRENT ELECTRICITY: Definition of emf, potential difference and current with illustrations. Basic direct current circuits: Units of current, resistance and conductance, Ohm's Law and solution of simple problems, effect of temperature on resistance. Series and parallel connections of resistors. Kirchoff's rules, their applications and examples.
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
Type of magnetic substances, magnetic flux, flux density, relative permeability, magnetic properties of soft iron and steel.
ELECTROMAGNETISM: Nature of magnetic field due to a straight conductor, a circular conductor and a solenoid, Fleming's left hand and right hand rule, Effect of current flowing through two parallel conductors, Biot - Savart Law.
Electromagnetic induction: e. m. f. induced in a coil by magnet, Faradays's law of induction, Calculation of e.m.f., Direction of induced e .m .f. Lenz's Law, Explanation of eddy current and explanation of self and
Mutual induction, Calculation of self and mutual inductance.
Generation of alternating e.m.f. Concept of reactance : Capacitive and inductive, Impedance. Simple a.c. circuits analysis.
MODERN PHYSICS: Photoelectric effect, structure of atom, atoms and molecules, intermolecular forces, chemical bonding. Crystal structure with simple examples.
Radio-activity. Explanation of fission and fusion processes.
Semiconductors: Properties and basic principles, p and n types, Action of transistors.
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